Optruss

Industrial Standard Piezoelectric Accelerometer (IEPE / ICP)

The core sensing workhorse for rotating machinery: capturing bearing race spalling, gear mesh harmonics, and mechanical unbalance up to 12 kHz.

Wilcoxon 786A vibration sensor mounted on the bearing housing of a running pump

Stage 2: High-Frequency Demodulation & Harmonic Emergence

Intercepts microscopic subsurface spalling in roller element bearings and early gear tooth pitting. While overall RMS velocity appears normal to standard inspections, high-frequency acceleration peak-to-peak and H-envelope peaks reveal defect impacts weeks before audible noise or thermal elevation.

Operating Principle & Signal Chain

Physical Transduction Mechanism

Utilizes a seismic mass resting on a precision quartz or PZT ceramic crystal arranged in shear mode. When subjected to vibration, the mass exerts a dynamic inertial force on the piezoelectric crystal, producing an electrical charge proportional to instantaneous acceleration. An internal miniature FET amplifier converts the high-impedance charge into a low-impedance voltage output over a 2-wire constant-current loop.

Electronic Signal Chain Architecture

Piezoelectric Shear Crystal → Internal Charge-to-Voltage FET → 2-wire 4 mA Constant Current Supply → Anti-Aliasing Low-Pass Butterworth Filter (48 dB/octave) → 24-bit Delta-Sigma ADC at 51.2 kS/s → Optruss FPGA Envelope Processing Pipeline.

Precision Mounting Geometry & High-Integrity Cabling

  • Machined flat spot on bearing load zone perpendicular to shaft centerline

  • Application of thin layer of synthetic silicone grease to eliminate microscopic air gaps

  • Calibrated torque wrench tightening to precisely 3.5 – 4.5 Nm

  • Flexible stainless steel conduit protection against mechanical damage and solvent spray

Wiring & Shield Grounding Specifications

Connect Pin A (Signal/Power) and Pin B (Common/Return) using MIL-C-5015 2-pin connector and Belden 8761 shielded twisted-pair cable. The outer foil shield must be grounded at the Optruss Edge Hub chassis ground ONLY to prevent ground loops. Spot-face bearing housing to Ra 0.8 µm surface finish and torque stud to 4.0 Nm with high-vacuum silicone couplant.

Field Commissioning Checklist

Detectable Degradation Profiles

Envelope demodulation with bandpass filter 2 kHz - 10 kHz

Sharp nonsynchronous impact spikes at BPFO frequency with 1X shaft speed sidebands

H-Envelope spectrum peak detection

BPFI harmonic series flanked by prominent 1X shaft rotational modulation sidebands

Circular time-synchronous averaging (TSA)

High gear mesh frequency (GMF) peak with sidebands spaced at the defective gear rotational speed

Broadband high-frequency energy monitoring (1 kHz - 10 kHz)

Elevated white noise floor pedestal across the high-frequency spectrum resembling random impacts

Hardware-Accelerated Edge Acquisition & AI Classification

Optruss Edge Hub samples the sensor continuously at 51.2 kS/s. The onboard real-time FPGA computes instantaneous Peak, RMS, Crest Factor, Kurtosis, and full 6,400-line FFT spectra every 60 seconds. When Kurtosis exceeds 3.8 or high-frequency envelope energy spikes above baseline, AssetCore automatically triggers an ISO 14224 Stage 2 failure event and schedules an ultrasound lubrication check.

Optruss Edge Sovereign Industrial Hub (Air-Gapped)

Deterministic high-speed acquisition and local AI inference: running air-gapped on DIN rails with FPGA DSP, dual isolated Ethernet, and sovereign Merkle audit ledger.

Stream Industrial Standard Piezoelectric Accelerometer (IEPE / ICP) Directly to Optruss Edge

Benefit from sub-millisecond edge FFT processing, early P-F curve anomaly detection, and automated CMMS work order generation.